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War, Conflict and Healing: A Buddhist Perspective

Marie Friquegnon
William Paterson University
friquegnonm@wpunj.edu

ABSTRACT

Buddhism, a religion centered on wisdom and compassion, is based on the interrelation and inter-dependence of all beings. All share in an ultimate reality which is beyond conception, and which is expressed in a variety of ways. The core of all religions is the sacred. The experience of the sacred is understood by most as pervaded by goodness, wisdom and power. Recognizing this common element in all religions leads Buddhists to embrace tolerance and to seek understanding based on shared values. This is the path of non-violence.

Samuel Huntington and others have argued that the conflicts within contemporary society are a result of irreconcilable differences between cultures. While it is important to be tolerant of cultural differences, common human values are implemented in diverse ways in diverse societies. Recognizing those values we hold in common may hold the key to successful negotiations when conflicts arise. I will first show how the scriptures of world religions embody these universal values. Then I will argue 1) that conflict solution based on shared values is a feasible alternative to violence, 2) that political action on global redistribution of wealth on a large scale is within the reach of the world’s governments and is in accordance with their affirmed values, and 3) that giving up principles such as the human right not to be tortured, constitute the very worst alternative in dealing with problems such as terrorism.

If we give up our moral values out of fear of terrorism and turn to violence and torture, we may only increase the hatred and anger which are the source of terrorism. A high moral stance may appeal to other cultures, and may deprive their leaders of some of the propaganda tools they use against the West. Terrorists can now claim with some justification that their tactics constitute the only weapons they have in righting the wrongs they believe the developed nations have inflicted. If the global community appeals to morality and reason, and helps with jobs, education, housing and medical help, peace becomes a more attractive alternative to terrorism. 

Arguments will be presented against Joseph Margolis’ claim that suspension of Western values is necessary in order to make peace with developing nations. Arguments will be presented for Martha Nussbaum’s and  Amartya Sen’s claims  that a sympathetic understanding of how common values are implemented in the context of different needs and historical backgrounds is most helpful in combating terrorism..

Lord Buddha courageously confronted his cousin Devadatta, not with violence but with love, even when Devadatta sought his life. We must have the courage to reach out to those that threaten us, redress their just grievances, and work for our mutual good in a world which is increasingly dependent on shrinking resources. As the Dalai Lama has stated, war is ‘out of date” What sense does it make to drop a bomb in your own back yard.